Crop Specials - Cereals - Broad-leaved weeds

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Cereals Special

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Crop Special - Cereals

A guide to the timing and use of adjuvants in cereals

broad-leaved weeds

Problems

Cereals suffer from a wide range of broad-leaved weeds, the most common being chickweed, mayweeds, cleavers, field pansy, fat-hen, speedwell and poppy.
Broad-leaved weeds affect yield and quality and can interfere with harvesting. Weeds seed contamination can increase grain cleaning costs.

Cleavers

Cleavers are the most competitive broad-leaved weed, needing only 3.2 plants/m² to lead to a 5% yield reduction.
They cause major problems at harvest, adding to extra costs.
They produce over 100 seeds per plant and are widespread throughout the UK, especially on heavy land.

Mayweeds

Mayweeds are also very competitive with 12.5 weeds/m² causing the same yield loss.
Mayweeds produce over 15,000 seeds per plant and can build up quickly in the seed bank.

Poppies

Poppies are also very competitive broad-leaved weeds with 12.5 weeds/m² causing 5% yield loss.
Poppies produce 17,000 seeds per plant and can build up quickly in the soil.

Solutions

Independent trials show that Arma improves the performance of low-dose highly active sulphonyl-urea herbicides such as Ally and Quantum. The SU’s low application rate gives little room for sufficient surfactant in the formulation for consistent results. The addition of Arma may well be adding as much as 50 times the amount of surfactant present in the spray solution.

Arma will increase the speed of knockdown of broad-leaved weed species controlled by the sulphonylurea herbicide, Ally. In trials Ally alone gave 10% control of 7 different weed species but the addition of Arma this rose to 33%. In the final assessment the Ally Arma mix was giving a 27% improvement over the herbicide alone.

Weed Control
Ally and Arma

Arma improves the effect of reduced rate applications, improves the speed of initial knockdown and improves the control of ‘difficult’ or larger weed species such as field pansy, fat-hen, fumitory and redshank.

Improve weed control
Although strictly an ALS inhibitor, Boxer (a.i. florosulam) benefits from Arma through the improvement of the variability of control on certain difficult weed species such as poppy and to increase the speed of cleaver control.

Weed Control
Boxer and Arma

Improve uptake of hormone herbicides
The benefit of rapid uptake afforded by Arma can be demonstrated with traditional hormone herbicides. The uptake of 2,4-D was substantially increased when Arma was added, considerably more so than tallow-amines.